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Suicide Risk Among Patients With Heart Disease and Heart Failure

Ben Grobman1, Neeharika Kothapalli2, Arian Mansur1

  • 1Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

The American Journal of Cardiology
|July 29, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Patients with heart disease and heart failure face an increased risk of suicide in the United States. This elevated suicide risk was observed across various racial and geographic subgroups, highlighting a critical public health concern.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the US.
  • Suicide is a significant public health issue, ranking as the 12th leading cause of death.
  • Limited research exists on the specific suicide risk among individuals with heart disease and heart failure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the risk of suicide in patients diagnosed with heart disease and heart failure.
  • To compare suicide rates in these patient groups against the general US population.
  • To analyze suicide risk within specific demographic and geographic subgroups.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a cross-sectional analysis of Multiple Cause of Death data from the CDC WONDER database.
  • Examined suicide rates in patients with heart disease and heart failure.
  • Stratified data by race, time, urbanization levels, and census regions.
  • Calculated standardized mortality rates (observed deaths divided by expected deaths).

Main Results:

  • Patients with heart disease and heart failure demonstrated an elevated risk of suicide compared to the general population.
  • This increased suicide risk was consistent across racial and geographic subgroups.
  • Specific elevations in suicide risk were noted in the Western US and among Black Americans compared to age-matched populations.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with heart disease and heart failure experience a higher risk of suicide.
  • The elevated risk is prevalent across diverse populations and regions within the US.
  • Findings underscore the need for targeted mental health interventions for cardiac patients.

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