Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 20, 2025

Establishment of Rat Models Mimicking Gender-affirming Hormone Therapies
Published on: January 10, 2025
Long-acting reversible contraception in gender-diverse adolescents and young adults: Outcomes from a multisite
Liz Abernathey1, Morgan E Ryan2, Sarah Golub1
1Division of Adolescent Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.
Objectives:
This study aimed to describe the clinical experience of gender-diverse adolescents and young adults receiving long-acting reversible contraception (LARC).
Study Design:
This was a secondary analysis of prospectively collected quality improvement data among gender-diverse adolescents and young adults receiving LARC in four adolescent medicine clinics.
Results:
Most attempted insertions (59/63) were successful. A majority (54%) chose LARC for both contraception and menstrual management. Pelvic pain/cramping and unsatisfactory bleeding were reported side effects. One known expulsion and six known LARC removals occurred.
Conclusions:
Gender-diverse adolescents and young adults had high rates of successful LARC insertion and demonstrated a side effect profile similar to a broader adolescent and young adult population seeking LARC care.
Implications:
LARC is an important and well-tolerated method of menstrual management and contracention in gender-diverse adolescents and young adults, although more investigation is needed to understand how gender-affirming testosterone therapy may impact the LARC experience in this population.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Birth Control Methods
Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH...
Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development
Longitudinal Research
Sexually Transmitted Infections
Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle. At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...

