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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 20, 2025

An in vivo Assay to Test Blood Vessel Permeability

An in vivo Assay to Test Blood Vessel Permeability

Published on: March 16, 2013

Targeting endothelial permeability in the EPR effect.

Behnaz Lahooti¹, Racheal G Akwii¹, Fatema Tuz Zahra¹

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA.

Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society

|July 30, 2023

Summary

The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, driven by tumor blood vessels and microenvironment, aids nanomedicine delivery. Understanding endothelial regulation of vascular permeability is key for clinical translation of anti-cancer therapies.

Keywords:

Drug delivery EPR effect Nanoparticles Permeability Tumor

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Last Updated: Jul 20, 2025

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Nanomedicine
Vascular Biology

Background:

The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect is crucial for delivering anti-cancer nanomedicine, particularly in preclinical models.
Increased vascular permeability in tumor vessels is a key characteristic driving the EPR effect.
Endothelial regulation of vascular permeability is central to understanding and exploiting the EPR effect.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the endothelial regulation of vascular permeability in the context of nanomedicine delivery.
To discuss challenges and opportunities for targeting vascular permeability in clinical translation.
To summarize mechanisms, mediators, and nanoparticle design for improved therapeutic outcomes.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on endothelial permeability, tumor microenvironment, and nanomedicine delivery.
Analysis of signaling pathways and structural components regulating vascular permeability.
Critical evaluation of targeted approaches, immune cell interactions, and nanoparticle design.

Main Results:

Endothelial cells and their signaling pathways significantly influence vascular permeability.
Tumor-infiltrating immune cells and their interactions with tumor vessels impact nanomedicine delivery.
Current targeted approaches face challenges in clinical translation, necessitating improved nanoparticle design.

Conclusions:

Targeting endothelial regulation of vascular permeability holds promise for enhancing nanomedicine delivery.
Overcoming challenges requires a comprehensive understanding of the tumor microenvironment and immune interactions.
Optimized nanoparticle design is essential for successful clinical translation of EPR-based therapies.