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Updated: Jul 20, 2025
An Orthotopic Model of Serous Ovarian Cancer in Immunocompetent Mice for in vivo Tumor Imaging and Monitoring of Tumor Immune Responses
Published on: November 28, 2010
Immune checkpoints as potential theragnostic biomarkers for epithelial ovarian cancer
Azza Habel1, Xu Weili2, Mariem Hadj Ahmed1
1Laboratory of Mycology, Pathologies, and Biomarkers (LR16ES05), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
Background:
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the leading cause of death associated with gynecologic tumors. EOC is asymptomatic in early stages, so most patients are not diagnosed until late stages, highlighting the need to develop new diagnostic biomarkers. Mediators of the tumoral microenvironment may influence EOC progression and resistance to treatment.
Aim:
To analyze immune checkpoints to evaluate them as theranostic biomarkers for EOC.
Patients And Methods:
Serum levels of 16 immune checkpoints were determined in EOC patients and healthy controls using the MILLIPLEX MAP® Human Immuno-Oncology Checkpoint Protein Magnetic Bead Panel.
Results:
Seven receptors: BTLA, CD40, CD80/B7-1, GITRL, LAG-3, TIM-3, TLR-2 are differentially expressed between EOC and healthy controls. Serum levels of immune checkpoints in EOC patients are positively significantly correlated with levels of their ligands, with a higher significant correlation between CD80 and CTLA4 than between CD28 and CD80. Four receptors, CD40, HVEM, PD-1, and PD-L1, are positively associated with the development of resistance to Taxol-platinum-based chemotherapy. All of them have an acceptable area under the curve (>0.7).
Conclusion:
This study has yielded a first panel of seven immune checkpoints (BTLA, CD40, CD80/B7-1, GITRL, LAG-3, TIM-3, TLR-2) associated with a higher risk of EOC and a second panel of four immune checkpoints (CD40, HVEM, PD-1, PD-L1) that may help physicians to identify EOC patients who are at high risk of developing resistance to EOC chemotherapy.
