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Penn Healthy Diet survey: pilot validation and scoring.

Charlene W Compher¹, Ryan Quinn², Richard Haslam³

¹University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Department of Biobehavioral Health Science, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

The British Journal of Nutrition

|July 31, 2023

Summary

The Penn Healthy Diet (PHD) survey is an easy-to-use tool for assessing diet quality. It shows moderate correlation with the Healthy Eating Index-2015, suggesting its utility in health systems.

Keywords:

ASA24 Biobank Diet HEI-2015 NHANES Score Screener Survey

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Area of Science:

Nutrition Science
Public Health
Health Informatics

Background:

Diet quality is crucial for chronic disease prevention but challenging for health systems to assess efficiently.
Existing methods for dietary assessment lack user-friendliness and efficiency for widespread health system application.
The Penn Healthy Diet (PHD) survey was developed to address this gap in dietary assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate patient experience and usability of the Penn Healthy Diet (PHD) survey.
To validate the accuracy of the PHD by comparing it to diet recall data.
To explore and compare different scoring algorithms for the PHD in relation to the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015.

Main Methods:

A pilot study surveyed participants from the Penn Health BioBank using the PHD and the Automated Self-Administered 24-hour recall (ASA24).
Kappa scores and Spearman correlations were employed to compare related items between the PHD and ASA24.
Three distinct scoring algorithms (numerical scoring, regression tree, weighted regressions) were developed and analyzed.

Main Results:

Participants found the PHD easy to use and expressed willingness for annual re-administration.
The PHD demonstrated strong associations with HEI-2015 scores derived from NHANES 2017-2018 data.
The scoring algorithms showed moderate correlations with HEI-2015 scores from the pilot data.

Conclusions:

The Penn Healthy Diet (PHD) survey is an acceptable and user-friendly tool for dietary assessment.
The PHD shows moderate correlation with the HEI-2015, indicating potential for health system integration.
Further validation in larger populations is recommended to refine scoring algorithms and confirm efficacy.