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Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...

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Proteomic Analysis of Human Macrophage Polarization Under a Low Oxygen Environment

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Abnormal Decrease of Macrophage ALKBH5 Expression Causes Abnormal Polarization and Inhibits Osteoblast

Junquan Weng^1,2,3, Haidong Fan^1,2,3, Huijuan Liu^1,2,3

¹Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China.

Stem Cells International

|July 31, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Diabetic peri-implantitis involves M1 macrophage polarization and reduced ALKBH5 expression, hindering bone repair. Inhibiting ALKBH5 may offer a new treatment strategy for this condition.

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Area of Science:

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Immunology
Endocrinology

Background:

Peri-implantitis, inflammation around dental implants, causes restoration failure.
Diabetic patients with peri-implantitis experience compounded bone loss.
Mechanisms driving persistent diabetic peri-implantitis remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate the role of M1 macrophage polarization in diabetic peri-implantitis.
Identify key molecular regulators of diabetic peri-implantitis progression.
Explore ALKBH5's function in osteogenic differentiation and peri-implantitis.

Main Methods:

Comparative analysis of M1 macrophage polarization in diabetic and non-diabetic peri-implantitis models.
RNA sequencing to identify differentially expressed genes, focusing on ALKBH5.
Mechanistic studies on ALKBH5, m6A modification, and mesenchymal stem cell osteogenic differentiation.

Main Results:

Abnormal M1 macrophage polarization was significantly enhanced in diabetic peri-implantitis.
RNA sequencing revealed significantly reduced ALKBH5 expression in diabetic peri-implantitis.
ALKBH5 and its mediated m6A modification were found to influence osteogenic differentiation.

Conclusions:

M1 macrophage polarization and reduced ALKBH5 expression contribute to osteoblast suppression in diabetic peri-implantitis.
ALKBH5 plays a crucial role in regulating osteogenic differentiation in this context.
Inhibiting ALKBH5 presents a potential therapeutic strategy to promote bone anabolism and treat diabetic peri-implantitis.