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Deciphering and targeting host factors to counteract SARS-CoV-2 and coronavirus infections: insights from CRISPR

Zhifen Cui1, Hongyan Wang1, Yizhou Dong2

  • 1Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States.

Frontiers in Genome Editing
|July 31, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Understanding host factors is key to combating SARS-CoV-2. CRISPR screens identify these factors, paving the way for CRISPR-based therapies against viral infections and future coronavirus outbreaks.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) relies on host cell factors for replication.
  • Identifying virus-host interactions is crucial for understanding disease and developing therapeutics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review host factors influencing SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication.
  • To explore CRISPR/Cas13 gene therapy strategies targeting these host factors.

Main Methods:

  • CRISPR/Cas9-based screening platforms to identify host factors.
  • Review of existing literature on CRISPR/Cas13 applications in antiviral therapy.

Main Results:

  • Key host factors that promote or restrict SARS-CoV-2 infection have been identified.
  • CRISPR/Cas13 strategies show potential for inhibiting viral replication by targeting host factors.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting host-virus dependencies is a promising therapeutic avenue.
  • CRISPR-based technologies offer innovative strategies for combating SARS-CoV-2 and future coronavirus threats.
Keywords:
CRISPR/Cas13-based gene therapyCRISPR/Cas9-based screeningSARS-CoV-2coronavirus infectionshost factors

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