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Related Concept Videos

Confirmation Biases01:31

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The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
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Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
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Information is everywhere and its presentation—such as how and when items are presented—can impact our perceptions and decisions surrounding the info. This broad concept umbrellas framing effects—influences that occur due to the way information is framed in its appearance, whether it’s purely the order or the specific wording of a message. Let’s take a look at numerous ways in which two versions of something can objectively say the same thing, yet we respond in...
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Attitude is our evaluation of a person, an idea, or an object. We have attitudes for many things ranging from products that we might pick up in the supermarket to people around the world to political policies. Typically, attitudes are favorable or unfavorable: positive or negative (Eagly & Chaiken, 1993). And, they have three components: an affective component (feelings), a behavioral component (the effect of the attitude on behavior), and a cognitive component (belief and knowledge;...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 20, 2025

Measuring Attentional Biases for Threat in Children and Adults
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A Growth Mindset Frame Increases Opting In to Reading Information About Bias.

Mary C Kern1, Aneeta Rattan2, Dolly Chugh3

  • 1Baruch College - City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.

Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin
|July 31, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adopting a growth mindset about bias encourages people to read more about stereotypes and implicit bias. This approach promotes engagement with diversity and anti-bias education by framing learning as a challenge.

Keywords:
Mindsetsbiasdiversityimplicit bias

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Diversity Science
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Self-directed learning is crucial for diversity and anti-bias initiatives.
  • Understanding conditions that promote engagement with bias information is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify conditions under which individuals opt-in to reading about bias and stereotypes.
  • To explore the role of mindset framing in promoting engagement with diversity science.

Main Methods:

  • A meta-analysis (N=1,122) and two pre-registered experiments (N=1,717) were conducted.
  • Participants were randomly assigned to read either a growth or fixed mindset frame about bias.
  • Mechanisms were investigated through participants' construal of the learning task.

Main Results:

  • A growth mindset frame significantly increased participants' opt-in rates for reading about stereotypes and implicit bias.
  • This effect was mediated by individuals construing the information as a challenge rather than a threat.
  • Findings were consistent across studies and the meta-analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Framing bias education using a growth mindset can effectively promote engagement with diversity and anti-bias learning.
  • Leveraging the challenge construal mechanism can enhance the uptake of information on stereotypes and implicit bias.
  • This research offers practical insights for diversity and anti-bias advocates seeking to foster self-directed learning.