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[Childhood obesity risk index (IROBIC) for small administrative areas in Chile]

Juliana Kain1, Moisés H Sandoval2, Yasna Orellana2

  • 1Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA). Universidad de Chile.

Nutricion Hospitalaria
|July 31, 2023
PubMed

Insights

A new Obesity Risk Index (IROBIC) was developed to assess childhood obesity (CO) risk in Chilean comunas. This index helps identify territorial factors contributing to CO, aiding targeted public health interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Socioeconomic Determinants of Health

Context:

  • Childhood obesity (CO) presents a significant global health challenge.
  • Existing metrics lack a territorial approach to assess CO risk factors.
  • Chilean comunas (small administrative units) require localized risk assessment tools.

Purpose:

  • To develop and validate a composite index, the Obesity Risk Index (IROBIC), for estimating territorial risks associated with childhood obesity.
  • To analyze the relationship between socioeconomic factors, built environments, and educational settings and CO risk at the comuna level.
  • To provide a tool for monitoring and understanding the spatial distribution of CO risk in Chile.

Summary:

  • The Obesity Risk Index (IROBIC) was created using 16 indicators across health, socioeconomic, built, and educational domains for Chilean comunas.
  • Principal component analysis informed the domain structure, and a weighted geometric mean calculated the IROBIC.
  • Analysis revealed that while poorer comunas often had higher IROBIC scores, the impact of inequality on CO risk could be mitigated by considering domain-specific factors.

Impact:

  • IROBIC serves as a valuable tool for territorial-based monitoring of childhood obesity risk and its contributing factors.
  • The index facilitates the identification of high-risk areas, enabling targeted public health strategies.
  • Understanding the interplay of environmental and socioeconomic factors can inform policy for CO prevention.
Abstract

Keywords:
Obesidad infantil. Índice. Municipios. Chile.

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