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Macrophytes and their wrack as a habitat for faecal indicator bacteria and Vibrio in coastal marine environments

Greta Kalvaitienė1, Diana Vaičiūtė1, Martynas Bučas1

  • 1Klaipėda University, Marine Research Institute, University Avenue 17, 92295 Klaipėda, Lithuania.

Marine Pollution Bulletin
|July 31, 2023
PubMed

Insights

This study reviewed how bacteria like fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) and Vibrio associate with marine plants. Brown algae and seagrasses host the most FIB, while red algae host the most Vibrio.

Area of Science:

  • Marine microbiology
  • Bacteriology
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Waterborne pathogenic bacteria, including fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) and Vibrio species, pose global health risks.
  • Coastal marine environments are crucial ecosystems where these bacteria can interact with marine vegetation.

Approach:

  • A systematic review analyzed publications on FIB and Vibrio associated with macrophytes (seagrasses and macroalgae).
  • Data on bacterial quantities, macrophyte types, and environmental factors like wrack were examined.

Key Points:

  • Brown algae and seagrasses showed the highest FIB loads, whereas red algae had the highest Vibrio quantities.
  • Brown algae were the most studied macrophyte group, while green algae received minimal research attention.
  • Macrophyte wrack appeared to promote FIB presence, but data on Vibrio in wrack is scarce.

Conclusions:

  • Further research employing molecular methods alongside cultivation is essential to elucidate the role of pathogenic Vibrio.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of FIB and Vibrio association with macrophytes and their microbiomes is critical for coastal water safety.
Keywords:
EnterococcusEscherichia coliV. alginolyticusV. choleraeV. vulnificusVibrio parahaemolyticus

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