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X-ray Imaging

X-ray Imaging

German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...

$X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples$ 01:10

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 20, 2025

Dynamic Pore-scale Reservoir-condition Imaging of Reaction in Carbonates Using Synchrotron Fast Tomography

Dynamic Pore-scale Reservoir-condition Imaging of Reaction in Carbonates Using Synchrotron Fast Tomography

Published on: February 21, 2017

High-resolution and high-sensitivity X-ray ptychographic coherent diffraction imaging using the CITIUS detector.

Yukio Takahashi¹, Masaki Abe², Hideshi Uematsu²

¹Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation

|August 1, 2023

Summary

This study demonstrates the CITIUS high-speed X-ray detector for ptychographic coherent diffraction imaging (PCDI). The detector achieves high resolution and phase sensitivity, advancing synchrotron X-ray microscopy.

Keywords:

CITIUS pychographic coherent diffraction imaging

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Last Updated: Jul 20, 2025

Dynamic Pore-scale Reservoir-condition Imaging of Reaction in Carbonates Using Synchrotron Fast Tomography

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Published on: February 21, 2017

High Spatial Resolution Chemical Imaging of Implant-Associated Infections with X-ray Excited Luminescence Chemical Imaging Through Tissue

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Published on: September 30, 2022

3D Imaging of Soft-Tissue Samples using an X-ray Specific Staining Method and Nanoscopic Computed Tomography

3D Imaging of Soft-Tissue Samples using an X-ray Specific Staining Method and Nanoscopic Computed Tomography

Published on: October 24, 2019

Area of Science:

Synchrotron X-ray microscopy
Coherent diffraction imaging
Advanced detector technology

Background:

Ptychographic coherent diffraction imaging (PCDI) requires high-performance synchrotron sources and detectors for optimal spatial resolution and field of view.
Improving detector capabilities is crucial for enhancing PCDI performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To report ptychographic diffraction pattern measurements using the CITIUS high-speed X-ray image detector.
To evaluate the performance of the CITIUS detector in PCDI applications.
To demonstrate image reconstruction from CITIUS detector data.

Main Methods:

Utilized synchrotron X-rays at 6.5 keV, focused by total reflection mirrors to achieve a flux of ~2.6 × 10^10 photons/s.
Employed the CITIUS high-speed X-ray image detector for diffraction intensity data collection, reaching up to ~250 Mcounts/s/pixel without saturation.
Performed ptychographic measurements on tantalum test charts and silica particles, followed by phase image reconstruction.

Main Results:

Achieved a spatial resolution of approximately 10 nm.
Obtained a phase sensitivity of approximately 0.01 radians.
Demonstrated successful image reconstruction with high fidelity.

Conclusions:

The CITIUS detector is suitable for PCDI observations with various samples using low-emittance synchrotron sources.
The detector's capabilities support the stability evaluation of X-ray light sources.
This work advances high-resolution X-ray imaging techniques.