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Australian adolescents have low cancer awareness, with limited knowledge of risk factors and warning signs. Personal experience with cancer and socioeconomic factors influenced awareness levels, highlighting the need for targeted education.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Public Health
  • Adolescent Health

Background:

  • Over one-third of cancer cases are linked to modifiable risk factors.
  • Adolescence is a critical period for establishing health behaviors that influence long-term cancer risk.
  • Understanding cancer risks is crucial for adolescents to make informed lifestyle decisions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the level of cancer awareness among adolescents in Australia.
  • To identify factors associated with varying levels of cancer awareness in this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized paper questionnaires, including modified Cancer Awareness Measure (CAM), for data collection.
  • Recruited 766 adolescents aged 11–19 from 13 Australian high schools (2016–2019).
  • Collected socio-demographic information and assessed awareness of cancer risk factors and warning signs.

Main Results:

  • Adolescents demonstrated low overall cancer awareness, including risk factors and warning signs.
  • Personal experience with cancer, higher socioeconomic status, female gender, and older age correlated with greater awareness.
  • Awareness of common cancers, except skin cancer, was low; emotional barriers were significant reasons for delaying medical consultation.

Conclusions:

  • Australian adolescents exhibit insufficient awareness of cancer risks and warning signs.
  • Demographic and experiential factors significantly influence cancer awareness levels.
  • Educational interventions are vital to enhance cancer awareness, promote healthy lifestyles, and facilitate early diagnosis in adolescents.