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S J Baptiste1, W van den Boogaard2, J-P Letoquart3

  • 1Centre Traumatologie Tabarre, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), Port-au-Prince, Haïti.

Public Health Action
|August 2, 2023
PubMed
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Abdominal trauma in Haiti, often from sociopolitical violence, led to adverse outcomes, particularly with gunshot wounds and insufficient blood transfusions. Strengthening safety measures and blood collection is crucial for improving patient survival.

Area of Science:

  • Trauma surgery
  • Public health
  • Epidemiology

Context:

  • Haiti experiences frequent abdominal trauma (AT) linked to sociopolitical violence.
  • Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) Tabarre trauma centre in Port-au-Prince serves as a key facility for treating these injuries.
  • The study period (January 2020 - December 2021) coincided with significant sociopolitical instability.

Purpose:

  • To investigate patient demographics and injury circumstances for abdominal trauma (AT) cases at the MSF Tabarre trauma centre.
  • To analyze the outcomes of patients admitted for AT and identify associated risk factors.
  • To highlight the impact of violence and resource limitations on trauma care in a humanitarian setting.

Summary:

  • A cross-sectional study of 541 patients with AT (91.4% related to sociopolitical events) revealed that 74.2% sustained gunshot wounds.

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  • Inadequate blood transfusion occurred in 33.8% of cases, and adverse outcomes (death, referral, discharge against medical advice) were observed in 11.4%.
  • Adverse outcomes were significantly associated with inadequate transfusion (HR 2.4) and gunshot wounds (HR 2.4).

    • Impact:

    • Firearm injuries are a major cause of AT during periods of sociopolitical unrest.
    • Limited availability of blood products negatively impacts patient outcomes, increasing mortality risk.
    • Enhanced safety protocols and robust blood collection systems are essential for improving trauma care in violence-affected regions.