Flexible triboelectric nanogenerators of Au-g-C₃N₄/ZnO hierarchical nanostructures for machine learning enabled body...

Here we report the development of triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based self-powered human motion detector with chemically developed Au-g-C₃N₄/ZnO based nanocomposite on common cellulose paper platform. Compared to bare g-C₃N₄, the nanocomposite in the form of hierarchical morphology is found to exhibit higher output voltage owing to the contribution of Au and ZnO in increasing the dielectric constant and surface roughness. While generating power ∼3.5μW cm^-2and sensitivity ∼3.3 V N^-1, the flexible TENG, is also functional under common biomechanical stimuli to operate as human body movement sensor. When attached to human body, the flexible TENG is found to be sensitive towards body movement as well as the frequency of movement. Finally upon attaching multiple TENG devices to human body, the nature of body movement has been traced precisely using machine learning (ML) techniques. The execution of the learning algorithms like artificial neural network and random forest classifier on the data generated from these multiple sensors can yield an accuracy of 99% and 100% respectively to predict body movement with great deal of precision. The exhibition of superior sensitivity and ML based biomechanical motion recognition accuracy by the hierarchical structure based flexible TENG sensor are the prime novelties of the work.