Dose-response relationship between multiple trace elements and risk of all-cause mortality: a prospective cohort
Shaohua Zhao1,2, Shaohua Wang3, Xiaorong Yang4,5
1Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Frontiers in Nutrition
|August 3, 2023
Summary
This study found that blood selenium, manganese, and strontium levels, along with mixtures of trace elements, are linked to all-cause mortality risk. Monitoring these elements is crucial for public health.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Toxicology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Trace elements are essential micronutrients but can be toxic at higher concentrations.
- Understanding the relationship between trace element exposure and mortality is vital for public health.
- Previous research has explored individual trace elements, but the combined effects are less understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To prospectively investigate the independent and combined effects of various trace elements on all-cause mortality.
- To analyze trace element concentrations in blood, serum, and urine in relation to mortality risk.
- To identify specific trace elements and their mixtures associated with increased or decreased mortality.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from 5,412 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
- Employed Cox proportional hazards models, restricted cubic spline models, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models.
- Analyzed blood (selenium, manganese), serum (copper, zinc), and urine (cobalt, molybdenum, tin, strontium, iodine) concentrations.
Main Results:
- 356 deaths occurred during a median follow-up of 70 months.
- Higher selenium and strontium levels were associated with lower mortality (HRs: 0.47).
- Higher manganese levels were linked to increased mortality (HR: 1.57).
- Non-linear associations were observed for zinc and cobalt.
- A significant effect of trace element mixtures on mortality was identified, particularly at lower exposure levels.
Conclusions:
- Multiple trace elements and their mixtures are associated with all-cause mortality.
- Healthcare providers and public health agencies should enhance surveillance and management of trace elements.
- Further research, including population studies and animal experiments, is needed to elucidate underlying mechanisms.
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