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Fetal Circulation

Fetal Circulation

Fetal circulation is a unique system that facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the developing fetus and the mother. This intricate process takes place through a special organ called the placenta.
Two umbilical arteries transport blood from the fetus to the placenta. At the placenta, the blood absorbs oxygen and nutrients while simultaneously eliminating waste products. This oxygen-enriched and nutrient-rich blood then returns to the fetus through one...

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Updated: Jul 20, 2025

Ex Vivo Perfusion of the Rodent Placenta

Ex Vivo Perfusion of the Rodent Placenta

Published on: May 30, 2019

[Globular placenta with infarction: A case report].

T Y Li¹, Y Zhang¹

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.

Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban = Journal of Peking University. Health Sciences

|August 3, 2023

Summary

Globular placenta, a rare placental abnormality, can lead to fetal growth restriction and perinatal issues due to poor placental perfusion. Early monitoring and intervention are crucial for managing this condition.

Keywords:

Fetal growth restriction Globular placenta Placenta floor infarction

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Area of Science:

Obstetrics and Gynecology
Fetal Medicine
Pathology

Background:

Globular placenta is a rare placental morphology characterized by small volume and thickening.
It may result from abnormal villous invasion and spiral arteriole transformation, leading to placental ischemia and fibrin deposition.
This condition reduces the effective placental exchange area, impacting fetal development over time.

Observation:

Placental volume and thickness correlate with fetal growth restriction (FGR).
FGR fetuses face increased risks of severe perinatal diseases like intraventricular hemorrhage and necrotizing enterocolitis.
Hemodynamic parameters, including uterine and umbilical artery blood flow, indicate placental perfusion issues.

Findings:

Monitoring placental morphology and hemodynamic parameters aids early detection of globular placenta.
While drug interventions aim to improve placental circulation, clinical evidence is insufficient, and consensus on treatments like aspirin and heparin is lacking.
A case report details a patient with globular placenta managed with aggressive therapy, close follow-up, and timely pregnancy termination, resulting in live birth but subsequent necrotizing enteritis.

Implications:

Understanding the pathological mechanisms and clinical characteristics of globular placenta is vital for improved management.
Further clinical data and research are needed to establish effective treatment protocols and improve perinatal outcomes.
This case highlights the complexities of managing globular placenta and the need for individualized treatment strategies.