Rapid and Selective Uptake of Radioactive Cesium from Water by a Microporous Zeolitic-like Sulfide

The fast and efficient removal of ¹³⁷Cs⁺ ions from water is of great significance for the further treatment and disposal of highly active nuclear waste. Hitherto, although many layered metal sulfides have been proven to be very effective in capturing aqueous cesium, three-dimensional (3D) microporous examples have rarely been explored, especially compounds that are systematically used to study cesium ion exchange behaviors. In this paper, we present detailed Cs⁺ ion exchange properties of a 3D, microporous, zeolitic-like sulfide, namely K@GaSnS-1, in different conditions. Isotherm studies indicate that K@GaSnS-1 has a high cesium saturation capacity of 249.3 mg/g. In addition, it exhibits rapid sorption kinetics, with an equilibrium time of only 2 min. Further studies show that K@GaSnS-1 also displays a strong preference and good selectivity for cesium, with the highest distribution coefficient K_d value up to 3.53 × 10⁴ mL/g. Also noteworthy is that the excellent cesium ion exchange properties are well-maintained despite acidic, basic, and competitive multiple-component environments. More importantly, the Cs⁺-exchanged products can be easily eluted and regenerated by a low-cost and eco-friendly method. These merits demonstrated by K@GaSnS-1 render it very promising in the effective and efficient separation of radioactive cesium from nuclear waste.