Behavioral weight-loss interventions for patients with NAFLD: A systematic scoping review

Area of Science:

• Hepatology
• Metabolic Syndrome
• Behavioral Science

Background:

• Weight loss is central to managing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
• Behavioral interventions show promise for weight loss but data are limited in NAFLD patients.
• This scoping review examines characteristics and outcomes of weight-loss interventions for NAFLD.

Purpose of the Study:

• To map existing data on behavioral weight-loss interventions for NAFLD patients.
• To identify characteristics, weight-loss outcomes, and success factors of these interventions.

Main Methods:

• Searched multiple databases (Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, PsycINFO, Web of Science) up to January 2023.
• Included 28 studies (RCTs, quasi-experimental, observational).
• Defined intervention success as ≥5% average weight loss or ≥50% participants achieving it.

Main Results:

• 12 of 28 interventions were successful.
• Telephone interventions had highest retention; face-to-face had lowest.
• Successful interventions featured biweekly counseling, specific targets, and behavioral theory.

Conclusions:

• Limited data exists on behavioral weight-loss interventions for NAFLD.
• Further research is needed to develop generalizable and adherence-maximizing interventions.
• Focus on diabetic, female, and younger patient populations is crucial.