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Global seed dormancy patterns are driven by macroclimate but not fire regime.

Sergey Rosbakh1,2, Angelino Carta3,4, Eduardo Fernández-Pascual5

  • 1Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg, Denmark.

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|August 4, 2023
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Summary

Seed dormancy is influenced by climate, with different types thriving in specific environments. Macroclimate is a key factor, but other global drivers also shape seed dormancy patterns worldwide.

Keywords:
environmental gradientfiremacroclimateseed dormancyseed germinationseed trait

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Plant Science
  • Macroecology

Background:

  • Seed dormancy is crucial for plant establishment in variable environments.
  • Global patterns and drivers of seed dormancy classes (physiological, morphophysiological, physical) remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the macroecological drivers of seed dormancy variation globally.
  • To analyze geographic patterns and environmental correlates of different seed dormancy classes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an extensive dataset of seed dormancy classes for over 10,000 species.
  • Integrated this with over 4 million georeferenced species occurrences across all global biomes.
  • Examined the influence of climate and fire regimes on dormancy distribution.

Main Results:

  • Seed dormancy is widespread in seasonally cold and dry climates.
  • Physiological dormancy is linked to dry, temperature-seasonally variable climates (e.g., grasslands).
  • Morphophysiological dormancy is prevalent in cold, wet, forest biomes.
  • Physical dormancy is associated with dry climates with significant temperature and precipitation fluctuations (e.g., deserts, savannas).
  • Non-dormancy is found in stable, warm, wet climates (e.g., tropical rainforests).
  • Fire regime did not significantly impact seed dormancy distribution.
  • Environmental drivers showed limited predictive power, indicating other factors are involved.

Conclusions:

  • Climate significantly shapes the global distribution of seed dormancy types.
  • Macroclimate is an important, but not the sole, driver of seed dormancy.
  • Further research is needed to identify additional global drivers of seed dormancy.