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Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency among neonates with jaundice in Africa; systematic review and

Woldeteklehaymanot Kassahun1, Abayneh Tunta2, Atitegeb Abera3

  • 1Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Po Box, 400, Woldia, Ethiopia.

Heliyon
|August 4, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency affects nearly a quarter of African neonates with jaundice. Early screening for this genetic disorder is recommended due to its significant prevalence in the region.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Genetics
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a common genetic enzyme disorder.
  • It disproportionately affects populations in Africa, Asia, and the Mediterranean.
  • Neonatal jaundice is a frequent clinical presentation in newborns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of G6PD deficiency in African neonates presenting with jaundice.
  • To synthesize existing data on G6PD deficiency in this specific demographic.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across major scientific databases.
  • Ten studies involving 1555 neonates were included and quality assessed using JBI criteria.
  • Meta-analysis with random effects modeling was employed to calculate pooled prevalence and assess heterogeneity.

Main Results:

  • The pooled prevalence of G6PD deficiency among jaundiced neonates in Africa was 24.60%.
  • Significant heterogeneity was observed across studies (I² = 100%).
  • Prevalence varied widely by country, with Nigeria reporting 49.67% and South Africa 3.14%.

Conclusions:

  • G6PD deficiency is a significant contributing factor to neonatal jaundice in Africa.
  • Further research into regional predisposing factors is warranted.
  • Screening and diagnostic testing for G6PD deficiency in neonates with jaundice should be considered.
Abstract

Keywords:
AfricaGlucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiencyHyperbilirubinemiaJaundiceMeta-analysisNeonatesSystematic review

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