Investigating Associations Between Physical Activity and Presenteeism - A Scoping Review

Area of Science:

• Occupational Health
• Behavioral Science
• Public Health

Background:

• Presenteeism, or working while ill, is a growing concern in occupational health.
• Understanding the relationship between physical activity and presenteeism is crucial for promoting workplace well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically scope the existing literature on the relationship between physical activity and presenteeism.
• To analyze how presenteeism is defined and measured in studies examining its link with physical activity.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive literature search was conducted across six scientific databases.
• Inclusion criteria focused on English-language studies investigating the physical activity-presenteeism nexus.
• Data extraction covered definitions and measurement of both presenteeism and physical activity.

Main Results:

• 57 unique articles met eligibility criteria, with most published since 2010 and originating from the US.
• A divergence in presenteeism definition exists: 70% define it as lost productivity (American school), while 19% define it as "working while ill" (European school).
• Studies aligning with the American definition more frequently reported an association between higher physical activity and lower presenteeism.

Conclusions:

• The review identified a notable homogeneity in the conceptualization and measurement of presenteeism within the selected studies.
• There is a need to expand research on physical activity and presenteeism across social science disciplines.
• Further research can inform strategies for creating healthier organizations and improving employee well-being.