Neuroendoscopy: history, endoscopes, and instrumentation

Area of Science:

• Neurosurgery
• Minimally Invasive Surgery
• Medical Technology

Background:

• Neuroendoscopy's early use in the 20th century was hindered by technological limitations.
• A resurgence in the 1980s and 1990s, driven by improved technology, led to widespread adoption.
• Continuing advancements have expanded neuroendoscopy's applications and techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the evolution and impact of neuroendoscopy in neurosurgery.
• To highlight advancements in neuroendoscopic techniques and instrumentation.
• To discuss the expanded indications and improved outcomes in neurosurgical procedures.

Main Methods:

• Review of historical development and technological advancements in neuroendoscopy.
• Analysis of neuroendoscopy's application in treating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) disorders.
• Examination of neuroendoscopy's role in skull base surgery and its integration with neuronavigation.

Main Results:

• Ventricular endoscopy has enhanced understanding and treatment of CSF disorders like hydrocephalus and arachnoid cysts.
• Neuroendoscopy has enabled novel procedures such as aqueductoplasty and septostomy.
• Skull base surgery, particularly for craniopharyngioma, has shown dramatic improvement with endoscopic approaches.
• Integration with neuronavigation has further expanded technical capabilities.

Conclusions:

• Neuroendoscopy is a valuable tool with expanding indications and improved clinical results.
• Understanding the indications and limitations of neuroendoscopy is crucial for optimal patient outcomes.
• Future technological innovations promise further advancements in endoscopic neurosurgery.