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Improving the efficacy of peptide vaccines in cancer immunotherapy

Fatemeh Zahedipour1, Khadijeh Jamialahmadi2, Parvin Zamani3

  • 1Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

International Immunopharmacology
|August 5, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Peptide vaccines show promise for cancer immunotherapy but face challenges in sustained immune response. Enhancing immunogenicity through personalized approaches and combination therapies is key to improving clinical outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Peptide vaccines offer a targeted approach to cancer immunotherapy by stimulating immune responses against tumor antigens.
  • Challenges persist in achieving durable immune responses and significant clinical benefits with current peptide vaccine strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of peptide vaccines in cancer immunotherapy.
  • To explore strategies for enhancing the efficacy and immunogenicity of peptide vaccines.

Main Methods:

  • Summarizing advancements in preclinical and clinical peptide vaccine development.
  • Discussing novel adjuvants, neoantigens, and nano-delivery systems.
  • Highlighting personalized vaccine approaches and strategies like multivalent and conjugated peptides.

Main Results:

  • Recent developments include novel adjuvants, neoantigens, nano-delivery systems, and combination therapies.
  • Personalized cancer vaccines tailored to individual patient profiles are crucial.
  • Strategies to boost immunogenicity involve multivalent peptides, conjugated peptides, fusion proteins, and self-assembled peptides.

Conclusions:

  • Peptide vaccines, while weak immunogens alone, can be significantly enhanced.
  • Combining peptide vaccines with other immunotherapies and developing personalized vaccines are promising for improved efficacy and clinical outcomes.
Keywords:
Cancer immunotherapyNeoantigensPeptide vaccinesTumor-associated antigensVaccine therapy

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