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Three Dimensional Printing as a Tool For Anatomical Training in Lung Surgery
Armelle J A Meershoek1, Tom G J Loonen2, Thomas J J Maal2
1Department of Surgery, Rijnstate, Arnhem, the Netherlands.
Medical Science Educator
|August 7, 2023
Summary
Three-dimensional (3D) printed lung models significantly improve anatomical understanding for fellow surgeons in training. This innovative approach enhances accuracy and reduces task completion time, aiding in the complex learning of pulmonary anatomy.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Surgical Anatomy
- 3D Printing Technology
Background:
- Pulmonary anatomy presents significant challenges due to its complex three-dimensional (3D) structure and inherent variability.
- The increasing demands of thoracic oncologic surgery, coupled with the shift towards thoracoscopic procedures, necessitate improved methods for anatomical comprehension.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of a 3D printed lung model in enhancing the understanding and teaching of pulmonary anatomy.
- To compare the performance of surgeons with varying levels of experience when using 3D models versus traditional 2D anatomical atlases.
Main Methods:
- A 3D pulmonary model was developed and assessed across three groups: 10 experienced surgeons, 10 fellow surgeons, and 10 junior residents.
- Participants interpreted thoracic CT-scans using either the 3D model or a 2D atlas, with accuracy, task completion time, and self-reported certainty being recorded.
Main Results:
- Experienced surgeons showed no significant difference in performance between 3D and 2D methods.
- Fellow surgeons demonstrated a marked improvement with the 3D model, with accuracy increasing from 26.6% to 70.0% (p=0.001), reduced task time (207s vs. 122s, p<0.0001), and higher certainty (median 4 vs. 3, p=0.007).
- Junior residents using the 3D model experienced shorter task times and increased certainty, though accuracy did not significantly improve.
Conclusions:
- Three-dimensional (3D) printing offers a valuable tool for understanding complex bronchiopulmonary tree anatomy.
- This technology shows particular promise for surgical trainees, potentially revolutionizing the teaching of complex anatomical structures in thoracic surgery.
