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High plasma levels of protein C activity and antigen in the nephrotic syndrome

P M Mannucci, C Valsecchi, B Bottasso

    Thrombosis and Haemostasis
    |February 28, 1986
    PubMed

    Insights

    Nephrotic syndrome patients often experience blood clots. This study found that protein C, an anticoagulant, is not significantly lost in urine, unlike antithrombin III, suggesting it may protect against clots in nephrotic syndrome.

    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Hematology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Nephrotic syndrome is associated with thrombotic complications.
    • Low plasma antithrombin III due to urinary loss is a suspected cause of thrombosis.
    • The urinary excretion of protein C in nephrotic syndrome is not well understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate whether protein C (PC) is also lost in urine in nephrotic syndrome.
    • To compare urinary protein C loss with urinary antithrombin III loss.
    • To determine if plasma protein C levels are altered in nephrotic syndrome.

    Main Methods:

    • Plasma and urinary protein C levels were measured in 24 patients with nephrotic syndrome.
    • Plasma and urinary antithrombin III levels were also measured for comparison.
    • Protein C activity and antigen levels were assessed.

    Main Results:

    • 83% of patients exhibited high plasma protein C activity and antigen levels.
    • Measurable protein C antigen was found in the urine of most patients.
    • Urinary protein C loss, relative to plasma concentration, was significantly lower (approximately 40 times) than that of antithrombin III.

    Conclusions:

    • Protein C is not significantly lost in the urine of nephrotic syndrome patients.
    • Elevated plasma protein C levels may be a compensatory mechanism.
    • High protein C levels might help mitigate hypercoagulability in nephrotic syndrome.

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