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Related Concept Videos

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon01:15

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Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
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Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides01:06

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Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively...
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Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Does use of continuous or flash glucose monitors decrease hypoglycemia episodes in T2D?

Frances K Wen1, Simone Bigelow1, Kimberly Crosby1

  • 1Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa.

The Journal of Family Practice
|August 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and flash glucose monitoring (FGM) do not reduce symptomatic hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes. However, these technologies may decrease the duration of hypoglycemia episodes.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases
  • Diabetes Management

Background:

  • Insulin-treated type 2 diabetes (T2D) poses risks for hypoglycemia.
  • Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and flash glucose monitoring (FGM) are emerging technologies for diabetes management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of CGM and FGM on symptomatic hypoglycemia episodes and duration in adults with T2D.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of prospective studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing CGM and FGM use.
  • Analysis focused on changes in hypoglycemic event rates and duration.

Main Results:

  • CGM and FGM did not significantly decrease the rate of symptomatic hypoglycemia episodes (SOR, B).
  • Both CGM and FGM showed potential to reduce hypoglycemia duration, though results varied by study length and design (SOR, C).

Conclusions:

  • CGM and FGM do not appear to reduce the frequency of symptomatic hypoglycemia in insulin-treated T2D.
  • These monitoring systems may offer benefits in reducing the overall time spent in hypoglycemia.