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Related Concept Videos

Pain01:20

Pain

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Pain serves as a critical warning signal that alerts the body to potential or actual harm. When mechanical pressure on the skin is intense, such as from a sharp pinch, the sensation transitions from touch to pain. Similarly, extreme temperatures, like a hot pot handle, convert the sensation of heat into pain. Pain can also result from overstimulation of other senses, such as blinding light, loud noise, or the intense heat from habañero peppers. This ability to sense pain is essential for...
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Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones01:29

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

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Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
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Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

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Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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Nociception01:44

Nociception

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Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain.
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Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

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The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
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Abdominal Regions and Quadrants01:19

Abdominal Regions and Quadrants

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To promote clear communication, for instance, about the location of a patient's abdominal pain or a suspicious mass, anatomists and clinicians typically use imaginary lines to categorize the abdominopelvic cavity into either four quadrants or nine regions to identify organs in the cavity.
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Author Spotlight: Quantifying Pain Experience – An Illustrative Approach Using the Pain Body Diagram
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Acute Pain in Perspective.

Bill McCarberg

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    |August 7, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Primary care practitioners can effectively manage acute pain, preventing chronic pain development. New multimodal treatments, like a celecoxib and tramadol co-crystal, offer improved acute pain relief options.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pain Management
    • Pharmacology
    • Primary Care Medicine

    Background:

    • Acute pain is a common, short-term physiological response to injury or medical procedures.
    • Effective acute pain management by Primary Care Practitioners (PCPs) is crucial for preserving function and preventing chronic pain.
    • PCPs, especially in rural areas, play a vital role due to limited specialist access.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the importance of appropriate acute pain management strategies in primary care.
    • To discuss the role of PCPs in preventing the transition of acute pain to chronic pain.
    • To introduce new pharmacological options for acute pain treatment.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of current guidelines for acute pain management.
    • Discussion of multimodal pain management approaches.
    • Introduction of recently approved and developing pharmacologic agents.

    Main Results:

    • Multimodal pain management is recommended, reserving opioids for severe, refractory pain.
    • A new co-crystal formulation of celecoxib and tramadol hydrochloride offers a single-medication multimodal approach.
    • New agents and formulations are emerging for acute pain treatment.

    Conclusions:

    • PCPs are essential in managing acute pain and preventing its chronification.
    • A multimodal strategy, judicious opioid use, and novel formulations are key to effective acute pain management.
    • The celecoxib-tramadol co-crystal represents a significant advancement in single-medication multimodal acute pain therapy.