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Related Concept Videos

Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
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Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

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Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
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Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

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Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
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Properties of Organometallic Compounds01:23

Properties of Organometallic Compounds

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Organometallic compounds are compounds that contain a carbon–metal bond. Carbon belongs to an organyl group like alkyl, aryl, allyl, or benzyl groups. The metal can be from Group I or Group II of the periodic table, a transition metal, or a semimetal.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2025

Reverse Microemulsion-mediated Synthesis of Monometallic and Bimetallic Early Transition Metal Carbide and Nitride Nanoparticles
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Reverse Microemulsion-mediated Synthesis of Monometallic and Bimetallic Early Transition Metal Carbide and Nitride Nanoparticles

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Two-dimensional graphitic metal carbides: structure, stability and electronic properties.

Kah-Meng Yam1,2, Yongjie Zhang1,3, Na Guo4

  • 1Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3 117551, Singapore.

Nanotechnology
|August 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary

We introduce 2D graphitic metal carbides (g-MCs), novel 2D materials with tunable electronic properties. These stable materials exhibit unique bonding and show promise for catalysis, like CO2 reduction.

Keywords:
2D materialschemical bondingg-MCsgraphitic metal carbidesmetal-carbon interaction

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid State Physics
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Two-dimensional (2D) materials offer unique electronic and mechanical properties.
  • Exploring novel 2D materials beyond graphene is crucial for technological advancement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and theoretically investigate a new class of 2D materials: graphitic metal carbides (g-MCs).
  • To analyze the stability, electronic properties, and potential applications of these g-MCs.

Main Methods:

  • First-principles computational modeling and calculations.
  • Phonon spectra analysis for dynamic stability.
  • Chemical bonding analysis to understand stability mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Identified a new class of dynamically stable 2D materials, g-MCs, with metal-C3 moieties in a graphene lattice.
  • Discovered carbon-backbone-mediated metal-metal interactions as key to g-MC stability.
  • Calculated tunable electronic band gaps (0–1.30 eV) and magnetic moments (0–4.40 μB).
  • Demonstrated g-MnC as a promising electrocatalyst for CO2 reduction to formic acid.

Conclusions:

  • g-MCs represent a stable and tunable class of 2D materials.
  • The unique bonding in g-MCs provides insights into 2D material stability.
  • g-MCs hold significant potential for applications in electronics and catalysis.