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The sequence of removing or doffing PPE starts with the gloves, as they are the most contaminated. Next is removal of the face shield or goggles, as they would interfere with removing other PPE. Then remove the gown, followed by the mask or respirator. Perform hand hygiene between steps if hands become contaminated and immediately after removing all PPE. Generally, the outside front and sleeves of the isolation gown, the goggles or the mask, the respirator, and the face shield are contaminated.
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Firefighters often do not complete all recommended decontamination procedures after fires. Adherence to best practices for on-scene decontamination is low, particularly in rural settings, highlighting a need for improved safety protocols.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Firefighter Safety
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Firefighter exposure to carcinogens and toxins during fires is a significant occupational hazard.
  • On-scene decontamination is a critical step in reducing post-fire exposure and long-term health risks.
  • Best practices for decontamination aim to minimize direct contact with combustion products.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utilization and adherence to on-scene decontamination procedures among firefighters post-working fire incidents.
  • To identify factors influencing the documentation and performance of decontamination practices.
  • To assess the frequency of adherence to established best practices for firefighter decontamination.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of national fire incident data from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2021.
  • Examination of documented decontamination procedures for firefighters with reported smoke or combustion product exposure.
  • Statistical analysis including descriptive statistics and univariable odds ratios to evaluate firefighter and incident characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Out of 31,281 firefighters, only 8.0% documented fire-related exposure.
  • While 82% performed at least one decontamination procedure, only 5% documented adherence to all best practices.
  • Firefighters in rural areas had lower odds of documenting any decontamination procedure compared to urban areas (OR, 0.70).

Conclusions:

  • Fire personnel demonstrate suboptimal adherence to recommended on-scene decontamination protocols following working fires.
  • The low rate of documented best practice adherence suggests potential gaps in safety procedures and training.
  • Further investigation and targeted interventions are needed to improve decontamination compliance and firefighter health outcomes.