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Factors affecting augmented reality head-mounted device performance in real OR.

Daniel Suter1,2, Sandro Hodel3,4, Florentin Liebmann3

  • 1Research in Orthopedic Computer Science, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Balgrist Campus, Lengghalde 5, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland. dapesu@bluewin.ch.

European Spine Journal : Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society
|August 8, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Augmented reality head-mounted devices (AR-HMDs) show potential in orthopedic surgery but are sensitive to operating room (OR) conditions. Optimizing OR settings, particularly lighting, is crucial for reliable AR-HMD performance in real surgical environments.

Keywords:
Augmented realityHMD performanceHoloLensLaboratory versus operating room environmentSurgical navigation

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Area of Science:

  • Medical technology
  • Surgical innovation
  • Computer-assisted surgery

Background:

  • Augmented reality (AR) using head-mounted devices (HMD) is increasingly explored for orthopedic surgery.
  • Most studies are preclinical; real-world operating room (OR) performance remains under-investigated.
  • The OR presents unique challenges affecting AR-HMD functionality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of an AR-HMD in a live operating room (OR) setting.
  • To identify confounding factors within the OR environment impacting AR-HMD accuracy and usability.
  • To compare AR-HMD performance between a controlled lab and a real OR.

Main Methods:

  • An AR application on HoloLens 2 was tested by two users in both OR and lab settings.
  • Key metrics included hologram overlay accuracy, task completion time, registration success rate, and overlay delay.
  • OR environmental factors (lighting, partitions, personnel movement) were systematically varied.

Main Results:

  • Full registration time was significantly longer in the OR (48s) vs. lab (33s).
  • Other parameters showed no significant difference with optimal OR settings.
  • Direct light illumination on the surgical site was the most detrimental factor for AR-HMD performance.

Conclusions:

  • Operating room (OR) setups significantly influence AR-HMD performance.
  • Standardization measures like controlling direct light, using partitions, and minimizing personnel movement enhance AR-HMD reliability.
  • AR-HMDs require careful environmental consideration for effective surgical integration.