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Measuring Motor Coordination in Mice
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Developmental coordination disorder: What can we learn from RI mice using motor learning tasks and QTL analysis.

Kamaldeep Gill1,2, Jeffy Rajan Soundara Rajan3,4, Eric Chow2,4

  • 1Rehabilitation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Genes, Brain, and Behavior
|August 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers used mouse models to investigate the genetic basis of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), identifying specific mouse strains with DCD-like motor learning deficits and a candidate gene, Rab3a.

Keywords:
accelerated rotarodcomplex wheeldevelopmental coordination disorderhorizontal rungmotor learningmotor skills disorderskilled reaching

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Area of Science:

  • Neurogenetics
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Genetics

Background:

  • Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) affects approximately 5% of children and is suspected to have a genetic basis due to high heritability.
  • Understanding the genetic underpinnings of DCD is crucial for developing targeted interventions and improving diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic basis of DCD by analyzing motor learning deficits in a mouse model.
  • To identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with DCD-like phenotypes using the BXD recombinant inbred panel.
  • To evaluate the genome-to-phenome correlation for DCD in mice.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the BXD panel of recombinant inbred mice to study motor learning and identify QTLs.
  • Assessed motor learning performance in various BXD strains, including those with altered cerebellar volume.
  • Analyzed gene functions within significant QTLs to identify candidate genes for DCD-like behaviors.

Main Results:

  • Confirmed significant differences in motor learning across selected BXD mouse strains.
  • Identified five strains (BXD15, BXD27, BXD28, BXD75, BXD86) exhibiting pronounced DCD-like phenotypes.
  • Observed strain-specific deficits in gross motor skills (BXD15, BXD75), fine motor skills (BXD28), or both (BXD27, BXD86).
  • Rab3a (Ras-related protein Rab-3A) was identified as a high-likelihood candidate gene for horizontal ladder task performance.

Conclusions:

  • The BXD mouse model is valuable for dissecting the genetic architecture of DCD.
  • Specific BXD strains demonstrate distinct motor learning impairments relevant to human DCD.
  • Rab3a warrants further investigation as a potential genetic contributor to DCD, despite lacking nonsynonymous polymorphisms in this study.