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A Uniaxial Compression Experiment with CO2-Bearing Coal Using a Visualized and Constant-Volume Gas-Solid Coupling Test System
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Free and enclosed inertial active gas.

Mario Sandoval1

  • 1Department of Physics, Complex Systems, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City 09340, Mexico. sem@xanum.uam.mx.

Soft Matter
|August 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Inertia in active Brownian particles suppresses wall accumulation and leads to uniform distribution. Inertial active gases exhibit a state equation, with pressure definitions aligning in the thermodynamic limit.

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Active Brownian particles (ABPs) are model systems for self-propelled matter.
  • Understanding the behavior of active matter under inertia is crucial for predicting collective phenomena.
  • Previous studies often neglected translational and rotational inertia in active particle systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the free expansion of inertial active gases in three dimensions.
  • To theoretically derive and numerically corroborate key physical properties of these systems.
  • To analyze the effect of inertia on particle distribution and pressure within a confined volume.

Main Methods:

  • Fokker-Planck formalism to elucidate orientational correlations.

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  • Theoretical derivation of diffusion, mean-square speed, persistence length, and reorientation time.
  • Langevin dynamics simulations for corroboration and numerical studies.
  • Analysis of particle distribution and mechanical pressure in a cubic box.

    • Main Results:

    • Inertia suppresses the accumulation of active particles at walls, leading to a more uniform distribution.
    • A state equation for inertial active gases composed of spherical particles is derived.
    • Theoretical predictions for diffusion, speed, persistence, and pressure were validated by simulations.
    • Mechanical pressure and bulk pressure (from swim and Reynolds stresses) definitions coincide in the thermodynamic limit.

    Conclusions:

    • Inertia plays a significant role in modifying the spatial distribution and bulk properties of active gases.
    • The derived state equation provides a fundamental description for inertial active matter.
    • The study confirms the applicability of statistical mechanics principles to inertial active systems.