Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Observational Learning01:12

Observational Learning

210
Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning...
210
Steps in the Modeling Process01:14

Steps in the Modeling Process

241
Albert Bandura's theory of observational learning identifies four critical processes: attention, retention, motor reproduction, and reinforcement or motivation.
Attention is the first necessary component for observational learning. It involves focusing on what the model is doing and saying. For example, if you decide to take a drawing class to enhance your skills, you need to pay close attention to the instructor's words and hand movements. The characteristics of the model significantly...
241
Introduction to Learning01:18

Introduction to Learning

472
Learning is the process of acquiring knowledge or skills through practice or experience, leading to long-lasting behavioral changes. This acquisition occurs through interaction with the environment and requires practice or experience. For instance, mastering a skill such as surfing requires considerable practice and experience, highlighting the essential role of repeated interactions with the environment in learning.
In contrast to learned behaviors, unlearned behaviors such as crying, sexual...
472
Purposive Learning01:22

Purposive Learning

142
E. C. Tolman emphasized the purposiveness of behavior — the idea that much of our behavior is goal-directed. For instance, employees who aim for a promotion work diligently to meet their targets. Tolman argued that when classical conditioning and operant conditioning occur, the organism acquires certain expectations. In classical conditioning, a child might fear a dog because they expect it to bite. In operant conditioning, a person might consistently work overtime because they expect a...
142

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Superficial Ventral Premotor Pathways to Primary Motor Cortex Shape the Temporal Coordination of Precision Grasping.

The European journal of neuroscience·2026
Same author

Foot-ground force quantifies impaired balance control mechanisms post-stroke.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Usability, Acceptability, and Feasibility of a Personalized Adaptive Mirror Therapy for Upper-Limb Poststroke Rehabilitation Using Immersive Virtual Reality and Myoelectric Control: Single-Arm Pre-Post Study.

JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologies·2026
Same author

Quiet standing: a simple motor task but a hard modeling challenge.

Progress in biomedical engineering (Bristol, England)·2026
Same author

Sequence-specific RNA recognition drives Restrictor-mediated termination of extragenic transcription.

Molecular cell·2026
Same author

Testing sensorimotor timing across age and music experience in a real-world environment.

Scientific reports·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2025

Investigating Motor Skill Learning Processes with a Robotic Manipulandum
07:52

Investigating Motor Skill Learning Processes with a Robotic Manipulandum

Published on: February 12, 2017

8.8K

Learning to manipulate a whip with simple primitive actions - A simulation study.

Moses C Nah1, Aleksei Krotov2, Marta Russo3,4

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Iscience
|August 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study simulated a 4-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) arm interacting with a 50-DOF whip, finding that human-like movements efficiently strike targets. Optimal actions involved planar motions along compliant directions, with movement duration being the most critical factor.

Keywords:
EngineeringMechanical modelingRobotics

More Related Videos

Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation
12:33

Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation

Published on: December 31, 2013

8.9K
Quantifying Learning in Young Infants: Tracking Leg Actions During a Discovery-learning Task
11:18

Quantifying Learning in Young Infants: Tracking Leg Actions During a Discovery-learning Task

Published on: June 1, 2015

10.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 19, 2025

Investigating Motor Skill Learning Processes with a Robotic Manipulandum
07:52

Investigating Motor Skill Learning Processes with a Robotic Manipulandum

Published on: February 12, 2017

8.8K
Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation
12:33

Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation

Published on: December 31, 2013

8.9K
Quantifying Learning in Young Infants: Tracking Leg Actions During a Discovery-learning Task
11:18

Quantifying Learning in Young Infants: Tracking Leg Actions During a Discovery-learning Task

Published on: June 1, 2015

10.7K

Area of Science:

  • Robotics and biomechanics
  • Human motor control
  • Computational neuroscience

Background:

  • Investigating the control strategies for multi-joint robotic systems interacting with complex dynamic environments.
  • Understanding how human motor control adapts to objects with high degrees of freedom.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if a simulated 4-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) arm can accurately strike targets using a 50-DOF whip.
  • To analyze the motion profiles and dynamics involved in such interactions.
  • To explore the relationship between human-like movement patterns and efficient task execution.

Main Methods:

  • Simulating a multi-joint arm with constant joint-space mechanical impedance derived from experimental data.
  • Employing a motion profile similar to discrete human movements.
  • Identifying successful target-striking movements through iterative optimization (fewer than 250 iterations).

Main Results:

  • Targets at various locations were successfully hit with single, maximally smooth motions in joint-space coordinates.
  • Optimal movements were planar in extrinsic task-space coordinates.
  • These optimal motions aligned with the most compliant directions of both task-space and joint-space mechanical impedances.
  • Movement duration was the most sensitive parameter for successful target acquisition.

Conclusions:

  • Elementary actions observed in human motor behavior can facilitate efficient motor control when interacting with dynamically complex objects.
  • The findings suggest that human motor control leverages object dynamics for efficient task performance.
  • This research provides insights into the principles underlying adaptive motor control in human and robotic systems.