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Related Concept Videos

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

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5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
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Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:29

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

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Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine...
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Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists01:28

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Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates...
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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
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Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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Updated: Jul 19, 2025

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment
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No End in Sight to Chemo Shortages

    Cancer Discovery
    |August 9, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary

    The United States faces a severe cancer drug shortage with no clear end. This critical issue is gaining attention from media, lawmakers, and the administration, who are actively seeking solutions.

    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Pharmaceutical Policy
    • Healthcare Economics

    Background:

    • The US is experiencing a significant and ongoing shortage of essential cancer medications.
    • This drug scarcity impacts patient treatment and healthcare delivery.
    • The situation has escalated, drawing attention from various stakeholders.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the current crisis of cancer drug shortages in the United States.
    • To underscore the growing attention from media, policymakers, and governmental bodies.
    • To identify the impetus for seeking solutions to this critical healthcare issue.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of current drug supply chain vulnerabilities.
    • Review of legislative and administrative responses to drug shortages.

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  • Examination of media coverage and public discourse on the topic.

    • Main Results:

    • The shortage is unprecedented and lacks a definitive resolution timeline.
    • Increased media coverage and legislative focus are evident.
    • Multiple entities, including think tanks, Congress, and the Biden administration, are engaged in finding solutions.

    Conclusions:

    • The cancer drug shortage is a complex, multifaceted problem requiring urgent attention.
    • Collaborative efforts among government, industry, and healthcare providers are necessary.
    • Proactive strategies are needed to ensure a stable and accessible supply of cancer drugs.