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Binary fluoride and As(V) adsorption in water using pleco fish bone chars.

Sergio A Cruz-Briano1, Nahum A Medellin-Castillo2,3, Pablo Delgado-Sanchez4

  • 1Environmental Agenda, Multidisciplinary Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, University of San Luis Potosi, Av. Dr. M Nava No. 201, Zona Universitaria, 78210, San Luis Potosi, Mexico.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
|August 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Pleco fish bone char effectively removes fluoride and Arsenic(V) from water, with optimal performance varying by pH and adsorbent mass. This study highlights fish bone char as a sustainable water treatment alternative.

Keywords:
ArsenicBinary adsorptionBone charFluoridesGroundwaterPleco fish

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Materials Science
  • Water Treatment Technologies

Background:

  • Contamination of water sources with fluoride and Arsenic(V) poses significant risks to human health.
  • Effective and sustainable adsorbents are needed for removing these co-existing contaminants from drinking water.
  • Fish bone char (BC) is explored as a potential low-cost adsorbent material.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the individual and binary adsorption of fluoride and As(V) onto pleco fish bone char (BC).
  • To determine the influence of solution pH and BC mass on adsorption capacities.
  • To elucidate the adsorption mechanisms and thermodynamic properties of BC for these contaminants.

Main Methods:

  • Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to study fluoride and As(V) removal.
  • Solution pH, initial contaminant concentrations, and BC mass were varied.
  • Adsorption capacities and removal percentages were analyzed.
  • Characterization techniques (XRD, EDS) identified the adsorbent's mineral phase (hydroxyapatite).
  • Thermodynamic studies assessed adsorption spontaneity and affinity.

Main Results:

  • Adsorption of both fluoride and As(V) was pH-dependent.
  • Fluoride adsorption capacity increased as pH decreased from 9 to 5.
  • As(V) adsorption capacity significantly increased as pH increased from 5 to 9.
  • BC exhibited higher affinity for fluoride in binary systems, while As(V) adsorption was suppressed.
  • Increasing BC mass enhanced fluoride and As(V) removal percentages.
  • Hydroxyapatite in BC was identified as the active adsorption phase, with mechanisms involving electrostatic attraction, ion exchange, and coprecipitation.

Conclusions:

  • Pleco fish bone char is a promising, sustainable adsorbent for removing fluoride and As(V) from contaminated water.
  • Optimizing solution pH and adsorbent dosage is crucial for efficient contaminant removal.
  • The findings support the use of BC as a viable alternative for water purification.