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What makes low-frequency earthquakes low frequency.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Low-frequency earthquakes originate from atypical seismic rupture processes, not near-source attenuation. Their distinct waveforms offer insights into subduction zone faulting dynamics and slip regimes.

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Area of Science:

  • Geophysics
  • Seismology
  • Tectonics

Background:

  • Low-frequency earthquakes (LFEs) are atypical seismic events occurring downdip of the seismogenic megathrust in subduction zones.
  • Their source zone is characterized by aseismic rheology, distinct from typical earthquake rupture processes.
  • LFEs exhibit distinctive waveforms, suggesting unusual rupture mechanisms or significant seismic wave attenuation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spectral characteristics of LFEs in the Nankai Trough.
  • To differentiate between atypical rupture processes and near-source attenuation as the cause of LFE characteristics.
  • To understand the slip regime of the subduction plate boundary.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the unique seismicity geometry of the Nankai Trough.
  • Isolating the spectral signature of LFEs.
  • Empirically deriving and correcting for seismic wave attenuation.

Main Results:

  • LFE spectra align with the classical earthquake model.
  • However, LFE rupture duration and stress drop are significantly different from ordinary earthquakes.
  • The study empirically derived attenuation and corrected for its effects.

Conclusions:

  • The low-frequency nature of LFEs is primarily attributed to an atypical seismic rupture process.
  • Near-source attenuation is not the dominant factor explaining LFE characteristics.
  • Findings provide insights into the unique faulting environment of subduction zones.