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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
989
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists01:24

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

358
Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
358
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

590
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Novel Approaches to Control Diabetes.

Malissa Mathew Dmello1, Geeta Bhagwat2

  • 1Department of MES's, H. K. College of Pharmacy, Jogeshwari (West), Mumbai, 400102, Maharashtra, India.

Current Diabetes Reviews
|August 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic condition characterized by hyperglycemia. This review covers DM types, symptoms, diagnostics, and therapies, focusing on recent innovations for blood glucose management.

Keywords:
Hypoglycemicallopathicdiabetes mellitus.herbalmetabolic disorderstypes of diabetes

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia.
  • Hyperglycemia results from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.
  • Common symptoms include blurry vision, excessive thirst, fatigue, frequent urination, hunger, and weight loss.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on diabetes mellitus.
  • To discuss various therapies for treating, controlling, and managing blood glucose levels.
  • To focus on recent innovations in diabetes therapies and medications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of diabetes types, symptoms, diagnostic tests, and therapies.
  • Discussion of clinical pharmacodynamics, bioavailability, advantages, and complications of combined drugs/medications.
  • Emphasis on recent advancements in diabetes management.

Main Results:

  • Diabetes is a chronic, incurable, but controllable condition.
  • Effective management involves understanding types, symptoms, diagnostics, and therapies.
  • Recent innovations offer improved blood glucose control and management strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetes mellitus requires lifelong management through various therapeutic approaches.
  • Understanding the pharmacodynamics and bioavailability of medications is crucial for effective treatment.
  • Ongoing research and innovation are vital for improving patient outcomes in diabetes care.