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Related Concept Videos

Teeth01:15

Teeth

487
The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin...
487

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Related Experiment Video

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Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children
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Dental calculus as a proxy for animal microbiomes.

Andrew T Ozga1, Claudio Ottoni2,3

  • 1Nova Southeastern University, Halmos College of Arts and Sciences, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33314, USA.

Quaternary International : the Journal of the International Union for Quaternary Research
|August 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Ancient animal dental calculus reveals diverse oral microbiomes across mammals. This research highlights the importance of studying animal oral pathogens for understanding zoonotic disease risks.

Keywords:
Ancient DNAAnimal oral microbiomesDental calculusMetagenomics

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Area of Science:

  • Paleogenomics
  • Microbiome Research
  • Veterinary Epidemiology

Background:

  • Dental calculus research has surged, driven by human genomics and oral pathogen studies.
  • Limited progress exists in understanding oral pathogen distribution in domestic and wild animal populations.
  • Animal oral microbiomes are crucial for zoonotic disease transmission research, especially with human-wildlife proximity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze published oral microbiome data from ancient animal skeletal remains (Mammalia class).
  • To explore oral ecology diversity across mammalian species at the genus level.
  • To discuss challenges and future directions in animal dental calculus research.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of published oral microbiome data from animal skeletal remains.
  • Genus-level analysis of ancient oral microbiomes.
  • Comparative analysis of oral ecology diversity across host species.

Main Results:

  • Significant oral ecology diversity was observed across mammals, with clustering primarily by host species.
  • Genus-level analysis provided a broader understanding of mammalian oral microbiomes.
  • Identified limitations in species-level analysis of ancient animal oral microbiomes.

Conclusions:

  • Ancient animal dental calculus offers insights into mammalian oral microbiome diversity.
  • Further research is needed to address challenges and knowledge gaps in animal dental calculus studies.
  • Understanding animal oral microbiomes is vital for assessing zoonotic disease potential.