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Related Concept Videos

Sampling Plans01:23

Sampling Plans

208
Sampling is a crucial step in analytical chemistry, allowing researchers to collect representative data from a large population. Common sampling methods include random, judgmental, systematic, stratified, and cluster sampling.
Random sampling is a method where each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample. It involves selecting individuals randomly, often using random number generators or lottery-type methods. For example, when analyzing the properties of a...
208
Stratified Sampling Method01:16

Stratified Sampling Method

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Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a stratified sample, divide the population into groups called strata and then take a...
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Adapting Methods for Isolation and Enumeration of Microplastics to Quantify Tire Road Wear Particles with Confirmation by Pyrolysis GC-MS.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2025

Sampling, Sorting, and Characterizing Microplastics in Aquatic Environments with High Suspended Sediment Loads and Large Floating Debris
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Enumeration of microparticles on a gridded filter using a stratified random sampling tool.

Kayli Paterson1, Michael Silverstan2, Barbara Beckingham1

  • 1Environmental & Sustainability Studies Program, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC, United States.

Methodsx
|August 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a subsampling method and Excel tool to quickly count abundant microparticles like tire road wear particles (TRWPs) from environmental samples, improving accuracy and saving time.

Keywords:
FilterMethod for the enumeration of microparticles on a gridded filter using a stratified random sampling toolMicroparticlesMicroplasticsMicroscopyParticle distributionParticle enumerationPatterned distributionStereomicroscopyStratified random samplingTire particles

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental science
  • Analytical chemistry
  • Ecotoxicology

Background:

  • Quantifying microplastics and microparticles is crucial for environmental monitoring.
  • Stereomicroscopy is a common but time-consuming method for enumerating microparticles.
  • Abundant microparticles, such as tire road wear particles (TRWPs), are often unevenly distributed on filters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a faster and accurate method for enumerating abundant microparticles from environmental samples.
  • To create a subsampling strategy and a user-friendly tool to reduce analysis time.
  • To maintain high accuracy in particle counts despite reducing the analyzed area.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated the distribution patterns of vacuum-plated TRWPs on gridded filters.
  • Developed a stratified random subsampling scheme based on observed particle distribution.
  • Created a Microsoft Excel Visual Basic-based tool for automated subsampling and extrapolation.

Main Results:

  • The stratified random subsampling method accurately estimates total particle counts.
  • Analysis time is significantly reduced by counting only specific filter subsections.
  • The relationship between counted filter fraction, accuracy, and time savings was quantified.

Conclusions:

  • The developed subsampling strategy and tool significantly accelerate microparticle enumeration.
  • This method provides a reliable way to quantify abundant microparticles while maintaining accuracy.
  • The open-source Excel tool can be adapted for various microparticle analysis applications.