Machine learning-assisted flexible wearable device for tyrosine detection

Early diagnosis of pathological markers can significantly shorten the rate of viral transmission, reduce the probability of infection, and improve the cure rate of diseases. Therefore, analytical techniques for identifying pathological markers and environmental toxicants have received considerable attention from researchers worldwide. However, the most popular techniques used in clinical settings involve expensive precision instruments and complex detection processes. Thus, a simpler, more efficient, rapid, and intelligent means of analysis must be urgently developed. Electrochemical biosensors have the advantages of simple processing, low cost, low sample preparation requirements, rapid analysis, easy miniaturization, and integration. Thus, they have become popular in extensive research. Machine learning is widely used in material-assisted synthesis, sensor design, and other fields owing to its powerful data analysis and simulation learning capabilities. In this study, a machine learning-assisted carbon black-graphene oxide conjugate polymer (CB-GO/CP) electrode, in conjunction with a flexible wearable device, is proposed for the smart portable detection of tyrosine (Tyr). Input feature value data are obtained for the artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machines (SVM) model learning via multiple data collections in artificial urine and by recording the pH and temperature values. The results reveal that a machine-learning model that integrates multiple external factors is more accurate for the prediction of Tyr concentration.