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Reference Intervals for Plasma Free Kappa and Lambda Chains and Kappa/Lambda Ratio using PENIA.

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This study establishes reference intervals for plasma free light chains (FLCs) in healthy adults, finding no need for age or gender-specific ranges. Estimated glomerular filtration rate significantly impacts FLC levels.

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Evaluation of a Point-of-Care Testing Analyzer for Measuring Peripheral Blood Leukocytes

Evaluation of a Point-of-Care Testing Analyzer for Measuring Peripheral Blood Leukocytes

Published on: March 22, 2022

Area of Science:

Clinical Chemistry
Immunology
Nephrology

Background:

Free light chains (FLCs) are increasingly utilized in diagnosing multiple myeloma and other plasma cell disorders.
Accurate FLC measurement is crucial for patient management and disease monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

To establish reference intervals for free kappa and lambda light chains and their ratio in lithium heparin plasma.
To compare these FLC results with cystatin C-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Main Methods:

Measurement of free kappa and lambda chains in lithium heparin plasma from 222 healthy blood donors.
Utilized Siemens Diagnostics free light chain reagents and a BNII nephelometer.

Main Results:

Established reference intervals: kappa FLC (4.73–22.66 mg/L), lambda FLC (4.33–29.28 mg/L), and kappa/lambda ratio (0.59–1.46).
No significant differences observed based on gender or age.
A significant correlation was found between cystatin C-based eGFR and FLC levels.

Conclusions:

The study provides essential reference intervals for plasma FLCs in a healthy adult population.
Demonstrates a significant relationship between renal function (eGFR) and plasma FLC concentrations, highlighting the importance of considering kidney function in FLC interpretation.