Association of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo with Depression and Anxiety-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

To evaluate the extent to which Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is associated with a higher prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients.

Three databases including PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library were searched by two independent authors from inception to June 12, 2022 for observational studies and randomized controlled trials investigating the association between BPPV and depression and anxiety. We included studies published as full-length articles in peer-reviewed journals with an adult population aged at least 18 years who have BPPV, detected through validated clinical methods like clinical diagnosis, interview and Dix-Hallpike test.

A total of 23 articles met the final inclusion criteria and 19 articles were included in the meta-analysis. BPPV was associated with a 3.19 increased risk of anxiety compared to controls, and 27% (17%-39%) of BPPV patients suffered from anxiety. Furthermore, the weighted average Beck's Anxiety Inventory score was 18.38 (12.57; 24.18), while the weighted average State-Trait Anxiety Index score was 43.08 (37.57; 48.60).

There appears to be some association between BPPV and anxiety, but further studies are required to confirm these associations. Laryngoscope, 134:526-534, 2024.