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Related Experiment Video

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EEG source functional connectivity in patients after a recent suicide attempt.

Anna Bankwitz1, Annia Rüesch1, Atalìa Adank1

  • 1University of Zurich, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Lenggstrasse 31, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland.

Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
|August 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Alpha frequency range (AFR) connectivity shows potential for understanding depression and suicidality. Increased nonlinear AFR connectivity was found in depressed patients after a suicide attempt, highlighting distinct neurophysiological patterns.

Keywords:
DepressionElectroencephalographyFunctional ConnectivityIndividual Alpha FrequencySuicide Attempt

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • Electroencephalogram (EEG) alpha frequency range (AFR) measures, including functional connectivity, are promising for understanding depression and suicide-related outcomes.
  • Previous research suggests AFR connectivity may reflect underlying pathophysiology in these conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between AFR connectivity, suicidal thoughts and behaviors, and depression in patients following a suicide attempt (SA).
  • To compare AFR connectivity in patients post-SA with healthy controls (HC).

Main Methods:

  • Lagged source-based linear and nonlinear whole-brain connectivity in standard AFR (sAFR) and individually referenced AFR (iAFR) were analyzed from resting-state EEGs.
  • Data from 70 patients post-SA and 70 matched HC were analyzed using network-based statistics and multiple regression.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in assessed connectivity modalities were found between patients post-SA and HC overall.
  • A subgroup analysis revealed significantly increased nonlinear sAFR connectivity in patients with a depressive disorder or episode (DD) compared to HC.
  • A multiple regression model incorporating group and global nonlinear sAFR connectivity best explained depressive symptom severity.

Conclusions:

  • The study reinforces the significance of the AFR in the pathomechanisms of suicidality and depression.
  • Individually referenced AFR (iAFR) did not enhance the validity of phase-based connectivity analysis.