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Hematological alterations associated with long COVID-19.

Guilherme C Lechuga1,2,3, Carlos M Morel1, Salvatore Giovanni De-Simone1,2,4

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Summary

Long COVID-19 can cause lasting hematological changes, including anemia and lymphopenia. These persistent blood abnormalities may impact understanding and treatment of the condition.

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2hematologylong COVID-19post-acute sequelaered blood cells

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Long COVID-19 presents with persistent symptoms beyond acute infection.
  • Hematological system impacts are observed in COVID-19 patients, correlating with disease severity.
  • Understanding Long COVID-19 pathophysiology requires investigating its effects on blood parameters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize findings on hematological parameters in individuals with Long COVID-19.
  • To identify common and sustained hematological alterations associated with Long COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review methodology.
  • Identification and analysis of studies reporting hematological parameters in Long COVID-19 patients.

Main Results:

  • Long COVID-19 is associated with sustained hematological alterations.
  • Observed changes include red blood cell abnormalities, anemia, and lymphopenia.
  • Elevated inflammatory markers like ferritin, D-dimer, and IL-6 are frequently reported.

Conclusions:

  • Sustained hematological alterations are a feature of Long COVID-19.
  • These findings may aid in understanding Long COVID-19 pathophysiology.
  • Further research is necessary to explore mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for these hematological changes.