Environmental biotechnology and the involving biological process using graphene-based biocompatible material

Area of Science:

• Environmental biotechnology
• Materials science
• Bioremediation

Background:

• Biotechnology offers promise for environmental cleanup but needs enhanced efficiency.
• Biocompatible materials as biocarriers are crucial for improving biotechnological remediation.
• Graphene-based materials (GBMs) are emerging as significant materials in environmental biotechnology.

Purpose of the Study:

• To elucidate the principles and mechanisms of GBM application in environmental biotechnology.
• To detail GBM-microbe/enzyme interactions and their influencing factors.
• To review diverse GBM modifications and their specific applications.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of GBM applications in environmental biotechnology.
• Analysis of GBM-microbe/enzyme composites and interactions.
• Categorization of GBM applications based on physicochemical properties and environmental functions.

Main Results:

• GBMs demonstrate diverse modifications tailored for specific biotechnology applications.
• Key applications include pollutant adsorption, anaerobic digestion, microbial fuel cells, and organic degradation.
• Biological responses, such as microbial community shifts and pathway alterations, are critical for GBM composite efficacy.

Conclusions:

• GBMs show significant potential for advancing environmental biotechnology and remediation.
• Understanding GBM-biological interactions is vital for optimizing their application.
• Addressing challenges related to GBM fate and toxicity is necessary for sustainable in-situ utilization.