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Co-Occurrence of G6PD Deficiency and SCT among Pregnant Women Exposed to Infectious Diseases

Gideon Kofi Helegbe1,2, Anthony Wemakor3, Evans Paul Kwame Ameade4

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University for Development Studies, Tamale P.O. Box TL 1883, Ghana.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|August 12, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Pregnant women with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd) in Ghana have a higher prevalence of sickle cell trait (SCT). Anemia outcomes in these women are significantly impacted by malaria and SCT.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Hematology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Pregnant women face increased risks from infectious diseases.
  • Co-occurrence of G6PD deficiency (G6PDd) and sickle cell trait (SCT) is common in malaria-endemic regions.
  • Understanding these co-occurrences is crucial for managing anemia in pregnancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of G6PDd and SCT co-occurrence in pregnant Ghanaian women.
  • To assess the impact of these conditions on anemia outcomes.
  • To investigate the influence of common infectious diseases on these outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 8473 pregnant women over six years in Northern Ghana.
  • Diagnosis of infectious diseases (malaria, syphilis, hepatitis B, HIV), G6PDd, and SCT.
  • Statistical analysis including regression and ANOVA to evaluate associations and impacts.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in infection or anemia prevalence between women with and without G6PDd.
  • Significantly higher proportion of SCT in pregnant women with G6PDd (AOR = 1.58, p < 0.011).
  • Interaction between malaria and SCT significantly associated with anemia outcomes in G6PDd women (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Anemia is prevalent among pregnant women with G6PDd in Northern Ghana.
  • Malaria and SCT significantly impact anemia outcomes in this population.
  • Further research is needed on antimalarial treatment and transfusion outcomes for G6PDd/SCT pregnant women.

Keywords:
G6PD deficiencyHIVanemiaantenatal careco-occurrencehepatitis Bmalariapregnant womensickle cell traitsyphilis

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