Practical Approaches for the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Genome Modification

Area of Science:

• Molecular Biology
• Genetics
• Biotechnology

Background:

• * Saccharomyces cerevisiae* is a versatile model organism for genetic studies.
• * A wide array of genome modification techniques are available for yeast.
• * Classical methods and newer CRISPR/Cas9 technology offer diverse genetic manipulation capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

• * To review classical and CRISPR/Cas9-based yeast genome modification methods.
• * To provide a comprehensive guide for researchers performing genetic alterations in *S. cerevisiae*.
• * To discuss practical applications of various genome engineering strategies.

Main Methods:

• * Review of established yeast genome manipulation techniques (mutations, deletions, insertions, rearrangements).
• * Integration and application of CRISPR/Cas9 technology for simultaneous genome edits.
• * Description of methods for ploidy changes, mating type switching, and targeted double-strand breaks (DSBs).

Main Results:

• * Classical methods allow for specific gene and chromosomal modifications.
• * CRISPR/Cas9 enables efficient generation of multiple, simultaneous genomic changes.
• * The review consolidates information on selective markers and transformation techniques.

Conclusions:

• * Yeast *S. cerevisiae* offers a robust platform for diverse genome modifications.
• * A combination of classical and CRISPR/Cas9 methods provides extensive genetic engineering possibilities.
• * This work serves as a practical, near-complete resource for yeast genome manipulation.