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Corrosion02:49

Corrosion

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The degradation of metals due to natural electrochemical processes is known as corrosion. Rust formation on iron, tarnishing of silver, and the blue-green patina that develops on copper are examples of corrosion. Corrosion involves the oxidation of metals. Sometimes it is protective, such as the oxidation of copper or aluminum, wherein a protective layer of metal oxide or its derivatives forms on the surface, protecting the underlying metal from further oxidation. In other cases, corrosion is...
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The corrosion of steel reinforcement within concrete is a process influenced by the material's inherent properties and external factors. The high pH level of around 13, provided by calcium hydroxide present in concrete, initially protects the steel reinforcement by promoting the formation of a passive iron oxide layer on its surface.
However, over time and under certain conditions like carbonation, chloride ingress, and cracking this protective state can be compromised. Steel has areas with...
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The Periodic Table and Organismal Elements00:57

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When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
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Experimental Column Setup for Studying Anaerobic Biogeochemical Interactions Between Iron OxyHydroxides, Trace Elements, and Bacteria
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Asbestos and Iron.

Andrew J Ghio1, Matthew Stewart2, Rahul G Sangani3

  • 1US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|August 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Asbestos exposure disrupts iron homeostasis, leading to cell iron deficiency and subsequent inflammation and fibrosis. This mechanism explains asbestos-related diseases, with amphibole asbestos causing more severe effects than chrysotile due to incomplete clearance.

Keywords:
alveolar macrophagesasbestosferritinironlung diseases

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Toxicology
  • Mineralogy

Background:

  • Asbestos exposure is linked to various diseases, with iron's role in pathogenesis being a key area of investigation.
  • Asbestos fibers possess negatively charged functional groups that bind host metals, particularly iron, leading to functional iron deficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of iron dysregulation in asbestos-induced disease pathogenesis.
  • To compare the biological impact of different asbestos types (amphiboles vs. chrysotile) based on iron sequestration and host clearance mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of iron-binding properties of asbestos fibers.
  • Investigation of host cellular responses to asbestos-induced iron deficiency, including kinase and transcription factor activation.
  • Comparative assessment of asbestos fiber clearance and persistence in the respiratory tract.

Main Results:

  • Asbestos exposure disrupts iron homeostasis, causing cellular iron deficiency that triggers inflammatory and fibrotic responses.
  • Amphibole asbestos, with incomplete clearance, leads to greater iron sequestration and more severe biological effects compared to chrysotile.
  • Host cells attempt to mobilize sequestered iron, resulting in iron biomineralization and asbestos body formation.

Conclusions:

  • The disruption of iron homeostasis is a central mechanism in asbestos-related disease pathogenesis.
  • Fiber persistence and iron sequestration by asbestos are critical determinants of disease severity.
  • Understanding iron's role provides insights into differential toxicity of asbestos types and potential therapeutic targets.