Insight on the Swelling Pressure-Suction Relationship of Compacted Bentonite during Hydration

Investigation of the swelling pressure of buffer/backfill materials is a critical aspect in the design of high-level radioactive waste (HLW) disposal repositories. In this study, to clarify the swelling pressure-suction relation for compacted bentonite upon the hydration path, constant-volume swelling pressure tests with suction control were conducted. The swelling pressure-suction curves indicated that the swelling pressure of the specimens increased significantly with increasing dry density, while the shape of the curves during hydration depended on the dry density. Moreover, the swelling pressure-suction curves exhibited a distinction between unsaturated and saturated segments divided by the critical saturated state (CSS) curve, which proves the unique existence of a CSS curve in the stress space independent of the stress path. With the introduction of the CSS curve into the s-p space, the conventional stress space of unsaturated soil could expand to that of unsaturated expansive soil. The results obtained in this study could provide the mechanical parameters for the construction of disposal repositories. In addition, the stress space with CSS curve proposed in this study provides a new approach to building constitutive models of bentonite materials.