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Related Concept Videos

Chirality in Nature02:30

Chirality in Nature

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Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
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Chirality02:25

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Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
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Prochirality02:05

Prochirality

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The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...
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Properties of Enantiomers and Optical Activity02:24

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It is essential to understand the difference between chiral and achiral interactions and the implications thereof in optical activity and their applications. Just as our feet, which are chiral, interact uniquely with chiral objects, such as a pair of shoes, but identically with achiral socks, enantiomers of a molecule exhibit different properties only when they interact with other chiral media. An example of a significant implication from this facet is the phenomenon known as optical activity,...
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Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers02:25

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Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
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¹H NMR Chemical Shift Equivalence: Enantiotopic and Diastereotopic Protons00:58

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Replacing each alpha-hydrogen in chloroethane by bromine (or a different functional group) yields a pair of enantiomers. Such protons are called prochiral or enantiotopic and are related by a mirror plane. Enantiotopic protons are chemically equivalent in an achiral environment. Because most proton NMR spectra are recorded using achiral solvents, enantiotopic hydrogens yield a single signal.
In chiral compounds such as 2-butanol, replacing the methylene hydrogens at C3 produces a pair of...
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A Micropatterning Assay for Measuring Cell Chirality
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Interface Chirality: From Biological Effects to Biomedical Applications.

Liting Guo1,2, Yanqiu Guo2, Rui Wang2

  • 1Joint Research Centre on Medicine, Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo 315700, China.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Chiral bio-interfaces guide cell behavior and biological responses. This review explores sensing, immune response, and applications like drug delivery and disease treatment, highlighting future directions.

Keywords:
applicationcell fatechiralityimmunityinterfacetissue repair

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Surface Chemistry
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Chiral surfaces critically influence biological system interactions, regulating cell behavior.
  • Understanding interfacial chirality's impact on cell behavior is vital for advancing biomedical applications.
  • Current chiral materials face limitations in precisely controlling biological phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in chiral bio-interfaces for guiding biomedical phenomena.
  • To discuss cellular and organismal responses to chiral stimuli.
  • To explore the role of chirality in cell fate, tissue repair, and immune responses.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of chiral bio-interfaces and their biological interactions.
  • Analysis of how cells and organisms sense and respond to chiral cues.
  • Examination of biological applications and challenges in the field.

Main Results:

  • Chirality mediates crucial biological processes including cell fate determination and immune system modulation.
  • Chiral bio-interfaces show promise in drug delivery, antimicrobial, antiviral, and antitumor applications.
  • Sensing and detection of biological signals can be enhanced using chiral interfaces.

Conclusions:

  • Chiral bio-interfaces offer precise control over biological responses, impacting tissue repair and immunity.
  • Further development of chiral interface materials is essential for overcoming current biomedical application challenges.
  • Interface chirality holds significant potential for future biomedical innovations.